Abstract Several authors suggest that Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits may be useful in identifying adolescents who exhibit initial, severe, chronic, and aggressive conduct problems. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) was developed to assess these traits, later associated with psychopathy, in children and adolescents. This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the teacher-report ICU for preschool-age children. The sample was collected in public schools and comprised the responses of 46 preschool teachers concerning 131 children (62 girls) between 3 and 6 years of age. Results indicate that a two-factor model revealed the best fit to our data, including a Callous and an Uncaring factor, resorting to 12 of the original 24 items. Additionally, the results of this study also provide evidence of measurement invariance across sex for the ICU, allowing us to compare mean levels of CU traits between boys and girls. The results of the present study showed that the Portuguese version of the ICU scale (teacher’s version) seems reliable and valid for evaluating CU traits in preschool children.

Resumo Vários autores sugerem que os traços de frieza emocional podem ser úteis na identificação de adolescentes que apresentam problemas de conduta iniciais, graves, crónicos e agressivos. O Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) foi desenvolvido para avaliar estes traços, mais tarde associados à psicopatia, em crianças e adolescentes. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do ICU, reportada pelo professor, para crianças em idade pré-escolar. A amostra foi recolhida em escolas públicas e incluiu as respostas de 46 professores do ensino pré-escolar relativamente a 131 crianças (62 raparigas) entre os 3 e os 6 anos de idade. Os resultados indicam que um modelo de dois fatores foi o que melhor se ajustou aos nossos dados, incluindo o fator Callous e o fator Uncaring, recorrendo a 12 dos 24 itens originais. Além disso, os resultados deste estudo também fornecem evidências de invariância de medição entre sexos para o ICU, permitindo comparar os níveis médios de traços de frieza emocional entre rapazes e raparigas. Os resultados do presente estudo mostraram que a versão portuguesa do inventário ICU (versão do professor) parece ser fiável e válida para avaliar os traços de frieza emocional em crianças em idade pré-escolar.

Resumen En el presente artículo se determinó el uso etnobotánico de las plantas medicinales en el bosque protector Murocomba y su área de influencia, para lo cual se aplicaron 56 encuestas de tipo analítica en cinco localidades. Con el fin de obtener información sobre la propagación de plantas, se realizaron 20 encuestas en las localidades del bosque y, para la identificación de los procesos de comercialización, 40 encuestas a herbolarios en los cantones aledaños. Se registraron 51 especies, 44 géneros y 26 familias de plantas medicinales. Cymbopogon citratus presentó mayor frecuencia absoluta. La localidad con mayor número de especies e individuos fue Isla de la Libertad, así como con mayor diversidad con 3,42, según el índice de Shannon, y 0,9569, según el de Simpson. El índice de Jaccard presentó mayor interacción entre El Dorado e Isla de la Libertad. El Anova mostró diferencias significativas en frecuencia de especies entre las localidades. C. citratus y Ocimum americanum obtuvieron mayor Índice de Valor de Uso (ivu), Conocimiento Relativo de las Especies (rvu) y Uso Significativo Trámil (ust). La propagación de ocho especies con mayores UST se realiza mediante semilla, esquejes o división de planta. Las plantas medicinales en herbolarios con mayor demanda fueron Ruta graveolens, Matricaria chamomilla y Peumus boldus. Finalmente, en plantas medicinales con mayor ustse identificaron tres tipos de valor agregado: maceta, aceites esenciales y plantas deshidratadas, con costos de comercialización que oscilan entre $1,00 a $10,00 dólares.

Abstract The ethnobotanical uses of the medicinal plants in the Murocomba protected forest and its area of influence, located in the Valencia canton in Ecuador, were determined in this article; Fifty-six analytic types of surveys were applied in five locations. To obtain information on plant propagation, 20 surveys were carried out in forest localities. For the identification of the commercialization processes, 40 surveys were carried out with herbalist in the surrounding cantons. Fifty-one species, 44 genera, and 26 families were recorded. Cymbopogon citratus showed the highest absolute frequency. The locality with the highest number of species and individuals was Isla de la Libertad with a diversity of 3.42 according to the index of Shannon, and 0.9569 according to the index of Simpson. The Jaccard similarity index presented more interaction between El Dorado and Isla de la Libertad. The analysis of variance (Anova) showed significant differences in the frequency of species among the localities. C. citratus and Ocimum americanum, obtained higher values in the use value index (uvi), relative knowledge index (rki), and Significant Use Tramil index (sut). The propagation of eight species with the highest SUT was made through seeds, cuttings or plant divisions. The medicinal plants in herbalist shops with the highest demand were: Ruta graveolens, Matricaria chamomilla, and Peumus boldus. Finally, the medicinal plants with the highest SUT identified three types of added value: plants in pots, essential oils, and dehydrated plants, with commercialization costs ranging from 1.00 to 10.00 USD.

Resumo O cancro vaginal é uma doença rara. A evidência para a sua abordagem reside fundamentalmente em casos clínicos ou pequenas séries de casos. Dentre os tipos de cancro histológicos, o mais frequente é o carcinoma espinocelular, seguido do adenocarcinoma. Mas o que fazer em presença de um sarcoma ainda mais raro numa mulher pré-menopáusica? No presente estudo, descrevemos o caso de uma mulher de 53 anos apresentando metrorragia por dois meses, avaliada após um episódio intenso. Foi então documentada uma tumefacção vaginal necrótica e ulcerativa, submetida a biópsia, que revelou um sarcoma vaginal. A paciente foi encaminhada para radioterapia com50 Gy (comos objetivos de controlo da sintomatologia e de redução tumoral para posterior exenteração pélvica com radioterapia intraoperatória) e desenvolveu, ao final do tratamento, umquadro demestastização extra pélvica, que ocasionou um desfecho negativo rápido. Apesar do mau prognóstico inicial, um esquema de quimiorradiação ou cirurgia primária poderiam ter alcançado (ainda que com maiores efeitos laterais) uma maior sobrevivência. Este estudo de caso aborda uma discussão sobre as estratégias de abordagem do sarcoma vaginal em estádios avançados e na mulher pré-menopáusica.

Abstract Vaginal cancer is a rare entity. The evidence on its management resides mostly in clinical cases or small case series. Of the histological types, the most frequent is the squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. But what to do when identifying an even more infrequent sarcoma in a premenopausal woman? In this study, we describe the case of a 53-year-old woman presenting with metrorrhagia for two months, who was evaluated after an intense episode. A necrotic and ulcerative vaginal swelling was documented and then submitted to biopsy, which revealed a vaginal sarcoma. The patient was referred to radiation therapy with 50 Gy (aiming to control the symptoms and to cause tumor reduction for posterior pelvic exenteration with intraoperative radiotherapy) and developed an extra-pelvic metastization at the end of the treatment, which caused a fast negative outcome. Despite the initial poor prognosis, a chemo-irradiation or primary surgery regimen might have achieved (although with greater side effects) a better survival. This case-report entails a discussion about the strategies to manage vaginal sarcoma in advanced stage and in premenopausal women.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Urolithiasis is rare in developed countries. Staghorn calculi are a type of upper urinary tract stone that involves the renal pelvis and extends into at least two calyces. Although all types of urinary stones can potentially form staghorn calculi, approximately 75% are composed of a struvite matrix and are generally associated with urinary tract infection caused by urea -splitting bacteria. Curative treatment is possible only by eliminating all of the stone fragments and by eradicating urinary tract infections. Case Report: We present a case of a 10-month-old girl with a staghorn calculus caused by multiple urinary tract infections. After urine sterilisation, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was performed during separate sessions. Following her last treatment, the child is free of nephrolithiasis. Conclusion: Struvite calculi should be considered in all children with Proteus urinary tract infection. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is an efficient and safe treatment in young children (<2 years) and should be considered as the first option.

Registramos a incidência de parasitismo por vermes Mermithidae em larvas de Chironomus gr. decorus (Diptera: Chironomidae), no Rio dos Peixes, Dois Córregos, região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Neste estudo, de um total de 791 larvas amostradas, 205 (25,9%) estavam infectadas por mermitídeos, indicando que larvas de Chironomidae são comumente parasitadas por vermes mermitídeos.

We report the incidence of Mermithidae (Nematoda) parasitism in Chironomus gr. decorus larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) at Rio dos Peixes, Dois Córregos, central west region of São Paulo State, Brazil. In this study, of a total of 791 larvae, 205 (25.9%) were infected by mermithid worms, indicating that Chironomidae larvae are commonly parasitized by Mermithidae worms.